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Contrast
- Can be achieved through variations in size, color, line thickness, and spacing
- Try to avoid elements that are weakly similar by making them strongly different
Repetition
- Repeat visual elements such as color, shapes, textures, borders, and fonts to unify your design
- Try to avoid too many differentiations that can confuse your audience
Alignment
- Place every element on the page with intention to create visual connections
- Use “negative space” to avoid cramming too much into your project
Proximity
- Placing elements close together creates a relationship between the elements
- Similarly, adding “negative space” can create a disjoint
- Make sure headings and labels are in close proximity to their relative content